After studying German language and literature for two years at Tbilisi State University, Gaga Chkheidze graduated from the Faculty of Literature and Arts of Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany.

In the 1980s he worked as producer at the State Broadcasting Company of Georgia and as educator, teaching German Literature at Ilia State University and Tbilisi State University.

In the 1990s he worked as translator and program coordinator at the Forum of New Cinema (Berlin International Film Festival) and Arsenal Cinema (Berlin).

Gaga Chkheidze is the founder and director of the Cinema Art Center Prometheus and Tbilisi International Film Festival (since 2001). During 2005-2021 he was a Board Member of the Georgian Film Fund.

Gaga Chkheidze was appointed twice as the director of the Georgian National Film Center: in 2005 and 2019, for a period of three years.